He was most likely born c. 530 CE in Pannonia. Died 572. Books There was no violence, no plotting pitfalls, and no others unjustly oppressed. Alboin was king of the Lombards from about 560 until 572. Rosamund had ordered that Peredeo tie Alboin's sword to his bed so the king would be unarmed. The couple, along with Alboin's daughter from his first marriage, Peredeo, the royal treasure, and a segment of the army, then fled from Verona to the Byzantine-controlled city of Ravenna. Between 569-572 CE, Alboin conquered most of the rest of the country (though some parts were still controlled by the Byzantine Empire, such as Rome), establishing his capital at Verona while he lay siege to Pavia, the only city that resisted the Lombard invasion to any significant degree. See more. Alboin, King of the Lombards. Either way, conflicts between the Lombards and the Gepids were routine, and the Lombards allied themselves with another tribe, the Avars, to finally crush the Gepids. While this made for efficient government from a bureaucratic point of view, it left too much power in the hands of the individual dukes, and so regions either prospered or suffered depending on the quality of their particular duke. Paul records that, in 572 CE, after Alboin had ruled Italy for almost four years, Rosamund had him assassinated to avenge her father's murder. Cleph reigned for 18 months before he was assassinated by one of his servants. No one plundered and there were no thefts, there was no robbery; everyone went wherever they wanted, safe and without any fear (History, III, 16). He has taught history, writing, literature, and philosophy at the college level. With the decline When he came to throne, Alboin decided to free Lombards from threats of Gepids. Asia as well. Ancient History Encyclopedia has a new name! Residents of In 568 CE, Italy was therefore a part of the Byzantine Empire but was sparsely fortified or defended. Audoin had allied himself with the Byzantine Empire, but either he or Alboin decided to broaden their power base by also allying themselves with the Franks, … By 572 CE Rosamund could no longer tolerate being married to the man who had killed her father & wore his skull on his belt as a drinking cup. Alboin himself, however, soon fell to an Rosamund convinced Alboin's foster brother, Helmechis, to murder him. The precise dates of the alliances between the Byzantine Empire, the Lombards, the Avars, and the Gepids are confused owing to constant contradictions in the primary sources, but it appears that, at this time, the Lombards and Avars were closely allied against the Gepids with the support of the Byzantine Empire. Mark, Joshua J. After succeeding his father on the Lombard throne in Alboin(539-28 June 572) was King of the Lombards from 560 to 572, succeeding Audoin and preceding Cleph. The individual dukes then fought each other for control of the kingdom from 572-586 CE, when King Authari was elected in order to fight off incursions by the Byzantines and the Franks. Rosamund and Helmechis enlisted the aid of a bodyguard named Peredeo, who was tricked into the conspiracy by Rosamund who disguised herself as a servant, had sex with him, and then essentially blackmailed him into service. Pannonia for the Avars. Please support World History Encyclopedia Foundation. Agnes Harris's 29-Great Grandfather. Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/Alboin/. Paul the Deacon first records that he succeeded his father, Audoin, in 560 CE. Ačboin was the son of King Audion and the Frankish princess Chothsind. centered around modern-day Hungary. By 774 the Lombard kingdom in Italy was no more, but the region in … He took the head of the king as a trophy and later had it made into a wine cup which he wore on his belt. The Frankish king acted swiftly, invading Lombard territory and besieging Pavia; in about a year, he had conquered the Lombard people. Helmechis and Rosamund were married in Ravenna, and he proclaimed himself king. With the Gepids defeated, Alboin consolidated his rule and marked the boundaries of his territory. The Lombard arrival broke the political unity of the Italian Peninsula for the first time since the Roman conquest (between the 3rd and 2nd century BC). crushed the Gepidae. The Sasanian Empire, also known as the Sassanian, Sasanid, Sassanid or Neo-Persian Empire (known to its inhabitants as Ērānshahr in Middle Persian), was the last period of the Persian Empire (Iran) before the rise … 565, Alboin soon struck an alliance with the Avars and together they The Avars had also come to Pannonia either by the invitation of Emperor Justin II or on their own initiative. Mark, published on 15 December 2014 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. In alliance with the Avars, and Asiatic people who had invaded central Europe, Alboin defeated the Gepidae, a powerful nation on his eastern frontier, slew their king Cunimund, whose skull … Frankish forces, 774. The sources on Alboin's reign are few. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. She was the daughter of Cunimund, king of the Gepids, and wife of Alboin, king of the Lombards. The historian Francesco Borri writes: Alboin must have been a very powerful man, even if contemporary sources describing his political and military activities are scanty...The fact that Alboin was able to marry a Frankish princess, which no Lombard king after him was able to do, confirms his importance in the scenario of late Roman Europe (223-224). 1. and another tribe, the Avars, had begun migrating into the area from Alboin, (died June 28, 572 or 573, Verona, Lombardy [Italy]), king of the Germanic Lombards whose exceptional military and political skills enabled him to conquer northern Italy. Paul writes: When he [Alboin] was more flown with wine than was appropriate at a feast in Verona, he asked that wine be given to the queen to drink in the cup which he had made from the head of his father-in-law Cunimundus. A large number of Lombard troops had served in the imperial forces under the Byzantine general Narses in Italy, performing particularly well in combat at the Battle of Taginae in 552 CE where Narses defeated the Ostrogothic king Totila and reclaimed Italy for the empire. took the king's daughter Rosamund as his wife. HM George I's 28-Great Grandfather. of his wife Rosamund, who never accepted her husband's habit of drinking Alboin fought off his assailants with a footstool but was beaten down and killed. Biographical sketch of the Lombard king who invaded and conquered Northern Italy and resettled his people there. noun died a.d. Rosamund (fl. Audoin died in 560 CE and was succeeded by his son Alboin (reigned 560-572 CE), one of the greatest Lombard kings. During his reign the Lombards ended their migrations by settling in Italy, the northern part of which Alboin conquered between 569 and 572. In spite of his military victories and successful reign, he came to be known to later generations primarily through his assassination by his wife, which formed the basis of paintings by a number of artists and works such as the opera Rosamunda by Giovanni Rucellai (1525 CE) and the verse drama Rosamund by Algernon Charles Swinburne (1860 CE). Venice. His life and achievements have been overshadowed by his death and his subsequent transformation into a character in literary tragedy but, while he lived, he seems to have been a man of considerable power and vision for the future of his people. Alboin vs. Sasanian Empire Alboin (530sJune 28, 572) was king of the Lombards from about 560 until 572. Rosamund ( fl. Learn More. Alboin, King of the Lombards, entering a city in Italy In his Historia Langobardorum, Paul the Deacon wrote of the deeds of the Lombards and how they invaded and conquered much of Italy. Alboin of Spoleto. Mark, Joshua J. 28 Feb 2021. Although later Lombard kings, such as Agilulf (reigned 590-616 CE), Rothari (reigned 636-652 CE) and, especially, Liutprand (reigned 712-744 CE), made greater advancements in conquest and government than Alboin, the first Lombard king of Italy is still remembered for leading his people to a secure homeland and establishing a kingdom he felt they could call their own. In the fourth and fifth centuries they moved to the basin of the middle Danube. was to last for more than 200 years, until falling to Charlemagne's As kings often did, he liked to conquer territory, and had successfully captured some of the territory that the Gepids previously held. She burned to avenge the death of her father on her husband (History, III, 18). By September Alboin from the Nuremberg Chronicleby Michel Wolgemut, Wilhelm Pleydenwurff (Public Domain). She was the daughter of Cunimund, king of the Gepids, and wife of Alboin, king of the Lombards. Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. 573?, king of the Langobards 561?–573? Related Content Alboin King of the Lombards. Alboin and his people entered Italy from the north and took the town of Forum Iulii without a fight. Shortly after this, the Gepids reared their ugly heads and it was war. Nothing is known of Alboin's early years or upbringing. Alboin di FRIULI (King) of ITALY (k. King Cunimund, took his daughter as wife, forced her to drink from her father's skull, then invaded and conquered much of Italy); (Albuin, Albion; King of LOMBARDS) He divided the country into 36 territories known as "duchies," presided over by a duke who was responsible for reporting directly to the king. These dukes, therefore, acted autonomously in conquering regions towards the south of Italy which, scholars claim, Alboin had no interest in taking from the Byzantine Empire. A freelance writer and former part-time Professor of Philosophy at Marist College, New York, Joshua J. Alboin definition: died 573 ad , king of the Lombards (565–73); conqueror of N Italy | Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. The Assassination of Alboin, King of the Lombards The painting was exhibited at the Royal Academy with a quote from Edward Gibbon's The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire: 'His faithless spouse was anxious for his health and repose: the gates of the palace were shut, the arms removed, the attendants … Alboin definition, king of the Langobards 561?–573? Alboin realized the most prudent course of action was to leave Pannonia, but he was uncertain where to lead his people to. Alboin had been king of the Lombards since 560. Even so, the fact that the conspirators were welcomed in Ravenna and that, after their deaths, the royal treasure and Alboin's daughter were sent to Constantinople, does argue in favor of Byzantine involvement in Alboin's assassination. The Avars, however, had managed to occupy more of the region than the Gepids had before them, owing to the deal Alboin had agreed to before battle, and they threatened the Lombard territories.
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